Potentials, prospects and applications of genome editing technologies in livestock production

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Sameer D. Pant¹  Mashael Alhumaidi Alotaibi²  Abdallah A. Hassanin²  Ayman H. Abd El-Aziz³  Tahani Mohamed Al-Hazani⁴  Linsen Zan⁵  Gong Cheng⁶  Sun Bing⁷  Mahmoud Z. Sitohy⁸  Sameh A. Abdelnour⁹  Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza⁹ 

[1] National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China;Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China;Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box: 83, Al-Kharj 11940, Saudi Arabia;Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia;Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650 Australia;;State Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding &

关键词: Genome editing;    Meganucleases;    ZFNs;    TALENs;    CRISPR/Cas9;    Livestock;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in genome editing applications using new programmable DNA nucleases such as zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like endonucleases (TALENs) and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9 system (CRISPR/Cas9). These genome editing tools are capable of nicking DNA precisely by targeting specific sequences, and enable the addition, removal or substitution of nucleotides via double-stranded breakage at specific genomic loci. CRISPR/Cas system, one of the most recent genome editing tools, affords the ability to efficiently generate multiple genomic nicks in single experiment. Moreover, CRISPR/Cas systems are relatively easy and cost effective when compared to other genome editing technologies. This is in part because CRISPR/Cas systems rely on RNA-DNA binding, unlike other genome editing tools that rely on protein–DNA interactions, which affords CRISPR/Cas systems higher flexibility and more fidelity. Genome editing tools have significantly contributed to different aspects of livestock production such as disease resistance, improved performance, alterations of milk composition, animal welfare and biomedicine. However, despite these contributions and future potential, genome editing technologies also have inherent risks, and therefore, ethics and social acceptance are crucial factors associated with implementation of these technologies. This review emphasizes the impact of genome editing technologies in development of livestock breeding and production in numerous species such as cattle, pigs, sheep and goats. This review also discusses the mechanisms behind genome editing technologies, their potential applications, risks and associated ethics that should be considered in the context of livestock.

【 授权许可】

Unknown