High Nitrogen Fertilization Modulates Morpho-Physiological Responses, Yield, and Water Productivity of Lowland Rice under Deficit Irrigation

Agronomy

Shimaa A. Abd El-Mageed¹  Mohamed O. A. Rady¹  Ahmed A. A. Leilah²  Ali Majrashi³  Esmat F. Ali³  Wael M. Semida⁴  Nasr M. Abdou⁵  Mohamed A. Abdel-Razek⁵  Taia A.Abd El-Mageed⁵ 

[1] Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt;Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt;Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt;

关键词: Oryza sativa;    drought stress;    chlorophyll fluorescence;    varieties;    grain yield and water productivity;   

DOI  :  10.3390/agronomy11071291

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Sustainability of rice production under flooding conditions has been challenged by water shortage and food demand. Applying higher nitrogen fertilization could be a practical solution to alleviate the deleterious effects of water stress on lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) in semi-arid conditions. For this purpose, field experiments were conducted during the summer of 2017 and 2018 seasons. These trials were conducted as split-split based on randomized complete blocks design with soil moisture regimes at three levels (120, 100 and 80% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), nitrogen fertilizers at two levels (N₁—165 and N₂—200 kg N ha⁻¹) and three lowland Egyptian rice varieties [V₁ (Giza₁₇₈), V₂ (Giza₁₇₇) and V₃ (Sakha₁₀₄)] using three replications. For all varieties, growth (plant height, tillers No, effective tillers no), water status ((relative water content RWC, and membrane stability index, MSI), physiological responses (chlorophyll fluorescence, Relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), and yield were significantly increased with higher addition of nitrogen fertilizer under all water regimes. Variety V₁ produced the highest grain yield compared to other varieties and the increases were 38% and 15% compared with V₂ and V₃, respectively. Increasing nitrogen up to 200 kg N ha⁻¹ (N₂) resulted in an increase in grain and straw yields by 12.7 and 18.2%, respectively, compared with N₁. The highest irrigation water productivity (IWP) was recorded under I₂ (0.89 kg m⁻³) compared to (0.83 kg m⁻³) and (0.82 kg m⁻³) for I₁ and I₃, respectively. Therefore, the new applied agro-management practice (deficit irrigation and higher nitrogen fertilizer) effectively saved irrigation water input by 50–60% when compared with the traditional cultivation method (flooding system). Hence, the new proposed innovative method for rice cultivation could be a promising strategy for enhancing the sustainability of rice production under water shortage conditions.

【 授权许可】

Unknown