Eosinophilic airway diseases: basic science, clinical manifestations and future challenges

European Clinical Respiratory Journal

Bernt Aarli¹  Christer Janson²  Johan Hellgren³  Alan Altraja⁴  Leif Bjermer⁵  Valentyna Yasinska⁶  Celeste Porsbjerg⁷  Lauri Lehtimäki⁸  Jussi Karjalainen⁸  Hannu Kankaanranta⁸  Madeleine Rådinger⁹  Magnus Lofdahl^1,10  Peter H Howarth^1,11 

[1] Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen and Department of Thoracic Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway;Department of Medical Sciences: Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden;Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden;Department of Pulmonology, University of Tartu and Lung Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia;Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden;Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden;Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital and Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark;Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland;Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden;Respiratory Medical Affairs, GSK, Solna, Sweden;Respiratory Medical Franchise, GSK, Brentford, Middlesex, UK;

关键词: Eosinophil;    asthma;    severe asthma;    eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis;    chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps;    hypereosinophilic syndrome;   

DOI  :  10.1080/20018525.2022.2040707

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Eosinophils have a broad range of functions, both homeostatic and pathological, mediated through an array of cell surface receptors and specific secretory granules that promote interactions with their microenvironment. Eosinophil development, differentiation, activation, survival and recruitment are closely regulated by a number of type 2 cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-5, the key driver of eosinophilopoiesis. Evidence shows that type 2 inflammation, driven mainly by interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13, plays an important role in the pathophysiology of eosinophilic airway diseases, including asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis and hypereosinophilic syndrome. Several biologic therapies have been developed to suppress type 2 inflammation, namely mepolizumab, reslizumab, benralizumab, dupilumab, omalizumab and tezepelumab. While these therapies have been associated with clinical benefits in a range of eosinophilic diseases, their development has highlighted several challenges and directions for future research. These include the need for further information on disease progression and identification of treatable traits, including clinical characteristics or biomarkers that will improve the prediction of treatment response. The Nordic countries have a long tradition of collaboration using patient registries and Nordic asthma registries provide unique opportunities to address these research questions. One example of such a registry is the NORdic Dataset for aSThmA Research (NORDSTAR), a longitudinal population-based dataset containing all 3.3 million individuals with asthma from four Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden). Large-scale, real-world registry data such as those from Nordic countries may provide important information regarding the progression of eosinophilic asthma, in addition to clinical characteristics or biomarkers that could allow targeted treatment and ensure optimal patient outcomes.

【 授权许可】

Unknown