Dietary Patterns Are Associated With Multi-Dimensional Cognitive Functions Among Adults Aged 55 and Older in China

Frontiers in Nutrition

Yuelong Huang¹  Qiumin Huang²  Hongru Jiang²  Bing Zhang²  Jiguo Zhang²  Zhihong Wang²  Huijun Wang²  Feifei Huang²  Xiaofang Jia²  Liusen Wang²  Minxia Gu³  Yuxia Ma⁴  Xinjing Zhang⁴  Wei Shi⁵ 

[1] Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China;National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China;Ninghai Country Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China;School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China;Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xian, China;

关键词: dietary patterns;    cognition;    cognitive domains;    mild cognitive impairment;    Chinese population;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnut.2022.806871

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe intake of certain food and nutrients may play a crucial role in cognitive health. However, research on the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function is limited. This study aims to investigate the associations between dietary patterns and multi-dimensional cognitive functions, such as global cognitive status and related domain profiles, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and four major subtypes of Chinese adults.MethodsUsing the baseline data from the Community-based Cohort Study on Nervous System Diseases (2018–2019), we selected 4,309 Chinese adults aged 55 years and older as subjects with complete diet, cognition, and other related data. We collected food data for the past 12 months with a valid semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Diving 49 food items into 13 subgroups, we used factor analysis to derive the main dietary patterns. We evaluated cognitive functions based on the scores of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and used quantile regression and multivariable logistic regression to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive-related outcomes.ResultsWe identified four dietary patterns, explaining 50.11% of the total variance: “meat-preferred” pattern, “plant-preferred” pattern, “eggs- and dairy-preferred” pattern, and “grain-preferred” pattern. After adjusting for all potential confounders, the “meat-preferred” pattern and the “plant-preferred” pattern were associated with higher scores of global cognition and several cognitive domains (p <0.05), while the “grain-preferred” pattern was associated with lower scores of global cognition (β = −0.36, p <0.05), execution (β = −0.19, p <0.05), visuospatial (β = −0.09, p <0.05), and language (β = −0.05, p <0.05). Adults adhering to the “meat-preferred” pattern and the “plant-preferred” pattern had decreased odds of MCI and some MCI subtypes (p-trend <0.05); in contrast, those in the top quartiles of the “grain-preferred” pattern had increased odds of MCI [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.11–1.63, p-trend = 0.003].ConclusionsAdhering to the “plant-preferred” pattern and the “meat-preferred” pattern may help improve the multi-dimensional cognitive functions; on the contrary, adhering to the “grain-preferred” pattern may worse cognitive health. More prospective studies in this field are needed to strengthen the evidence.

【 授权许可】

Unknown