The Role of Adipose Stem Cells in Bone Regeneration and Bone Tissue Engineering

Cells

Thomas Pufe¹  Yusuke Kubo¹  Tim Ruhl²  Justus P. Beier²  Wolfgang Mende²  Rebekka Götzl² 

[1] Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany;Hand Surgery—Burn Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany;

关键词: mesenchymal stem cells;    regenerative medicine;    fracture healing;    osteogenic differentiation;    osteogenesis;    mechanic stimuli;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cells10050975

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Bone regeneration is a complex process that is influenced by tissue interactions, inflammatory responses, and progenitor cells. Diseases, lifestyle, or multiple trauma can disturb fracture healing, which might result in prolonged healing duration or even failure. The current gold standard therapy in these cases are bone grafts. However, they are associated with several disadvantages, e.g., donor site morbidity and availability of appropriate material. Bone tissue engineering has been proposed as a promising alternative. The success of bone-tissue engineering depends on the administered cells, osteogenic differentiation, and secretome. Different stem cell types offer advantages and drawbacks in this field, while adipose-derived stem or stromal cells (ASCs) are in particular promising. They show high osteogenic potential, osteoinductive ability, and immunomodulation properties. Furthermore, they can be harvested through a noninvasive process in high numbers. ASCs can be induced into osteogenic lineage through bioactive molecules, i.e., growth factors and cytokines. Moreover, their secretome, in particular extracellular vesicles, has been linked to fracture healing. The aim of this review is a comprehensive overview of ASCs for bone regeneration and bone tissue engineering.

【 授权许可】

Unknown