The “Green” FMOs: Diversity, Functionality and Application of Plant Flavoproteins

Catalysts

ElizabethH. Jakobsen Neilson¹  Sara Thodberg¹ 

[1] Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;

关键词: evolution;    flavin-dependent monooxygenase;    flavoprotein;    fmo;    general metabolism monooxygenase;    plant;    s- and n- hydroxylation;    specialized metabolism;    systemic acquired resistance;    yucca;   

DOI  :  10.3390/catal10030329

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Flavin-dependent monooxygenases (FMOs) are ancient enzymes present in all kingdoms of life. FMOs typically catalyze the incorporation of an oxygen atom from molecular oxygen into small molecules. To date, the majority of functional characterization studies have been performed on mammalian, fungal and bacterial FMOs, showing that they play fundamental roles in drug and xenobiotic metabolism. By contrast, our understanding of FMOs across the plant kingdom is very limited, despite plants possessing far greater FMO diversity compared to both bacteria and other multicellular organisms. Here, we review the progress of plant FMO research, with a focus on FMO diversity and functionality. Significantly, of the FMOs characterized to date, they all perform oxygenation reactions that are crucial steps within hormone metabolism, pathogen resistance, signaling and chemical defense. This demonstrates the fundamental role FMOs have within plant metabolism, and presents significant opportunities for future research pursuits and downstream applications.

【 授权许可】

Unknown