Immune Response Mechanisms against AAV Vectors in Animal Models

Molecular Therapy: Methods & Clinical Development

David M. Markusic¹  Ashley T. Martino² 

[1] Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, USA;

关键词: adeno-associated virus;    AAV;    innate immunity;    adaptive immunity;    gene therapy;    neutralizing antibodies;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Early preclinical studies in rodents and other species did not reveal that vector or transgene immunity would present a significant hurdle for sustained gene expression. While there was early evidence of mild immune responses to adeno-associated virus (AAV) in preclinical studies, it was generally believed that these responses were too weak and transient to negatively impact sustained transduction. However, translation of the cumulative success in treating hemophilia B in rodents and dogs with an AAV2-F9 vector to human studies was not as successful. Despite significant progress in recent clinical trials for hemophilia, new immunotoxicities to AAV and transgene are emerging in humans that require better animal models to assess and overcome these responses. The animal models designed to address these immune complications have provided critical information to assess how vector dose, vector capsid processing, vector genome, difference in serotypes, and variations in vector delivery route can impact immunity and to develop approaches for overcoming pre-existing immunity. Additionally, a comprehensive dissection of innate, adaptive, and regulatory responses to AAV vectors in preclinical studies has provided a framework that can be utilized for development of immunomodulatory therapies to overcome or bypass immune responses and for developing strategic approaches toward engineering stealth AAV vectors that can circumvent immunity.

【 授权许可】

Unknown