Systematic Review and Pharmacological Considerations for Chloroquine and Its Analogs in the Treatment for COVID-19

Frontiers in Pharmacology

Yunyun Wang¹  Tao Hong³  Jinfang Hu⁴  Jinhua Wen⁴  Li Cao⁴  Xiaohua Wei⁴  Zhangren Chen⁴  Tiantian Xu⁴  Hongwei Peng⁴  Xin Lai⁴  Simei Ren⁵  Chuanfei Zeng⁷  Lijuan Du⁷  Mengjun Zhao⁷  Yanmei Zhang⁷ 

[1] Academic Affairs Office, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China;Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China;Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China;Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China;Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China;National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China;The First Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China;

关键词: COVID-19;    chloroquine;    hydroxychloroquine;    pharmacological considerations;    piperaquine;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fphar.2020.554172

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

COVID-19 has been announced pandemic by WHO and over 17,000,000 people infected (Till April 21st 2020). The disease is currently under control in China, with a curative rate of 86.8%. Chloroquine (CQ) is an old anti-malarial drug with good tolerability, which had proved to be effective in previous SARS-coronavirus, which spread and disappeared between 2002-2003. In vitro studies demonstrated the efficacy of CQ in curing COVID-19. Consequently, via analytical PBPK modeling, a further preliminary clinical trial has proved the efficacy and safety of CQ in China., and multiple clinical trials were registered and approved to investigate the activity of other analogs of CQ against COVID-19. We have listed all the clinical trials and made a meta-analysis of published data of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). HCQ could increase the CT improvement and adverse reactions (ADRs) significantly though there was considerable heterogeneity among current researches. Actually, CQ and its analogs have unique pharmacokinetic characteristics, which would induce severe side effects in some circumstances. We have then summarized pharmacological considerations for these drugs so as to provide to the busy clinicians to avoid potential side effects when administered CQ or its analogs to COVID-19 patients, especially in the elderly, pediatrics, and pregnancies.

【 授权许可】

Unknown