Extracellular ATP: A Feasible Target for Cancer Therapy

Cells

Valentina Vultaggio-Poma¹  Francesco Di Virgilio¹  AlbaClara Sarti¹ 

[1] Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;

关键词: extracellular ATP;    cancer;    tumor microenvironment;    purinergic signaling;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cells9112496

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is one of the main biochemical components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), where it can promote tumor progression or tumor suppression depending on its concentration and on the specific ecto-nucleotidases and receptors expressed by immune and cancer cells. ATP can be released from cells via both specific and nonspecific pathways. A non-regulated release occurs from dying and damaged cells, whereas active release involves exocytotic granules, plasma membrane-derived microvesicles, specific ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and membrane channels (connexin hemichannels, pannexin 1 (PANX1), calcium homeostasis modulator 1 (CALHM1), volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs) and maxi-anion channels (MACs)). Extracellular ATP acts at P2 purinergic receptors, among which P2X7R is a key mediator of the final ATP-dependent biological effects. Over the years, P2 receptor- or ecto-nucleotidase-targeting for cancer therapy has been proposed and actively investigated, while comparatively fewer studies have explored the suitability of TME ATP as a target. In this review, we briefly summarize the available evidence suggesting that TME ATP has a central role in determining tumor fate and is, therefore, a suitable target for cancer therapy.

【 授权许可】

Unknown