Tuber mesentericum and Tuber aestivum truffles: New Insights Based on Morphological and Phylogenetic Analyses

Diversity

Lorenzo Raggi¹  Emidio Albertini¹  LeonardoBaciarelli Falini¹  Giorgio Marozzi¹  Domizia Donnini¹  Hovirag Lancioni²  GianMaria Niccolò Benucci³  Nicola Sitta⁴  Edoardo Suriano⁵ 

[1] Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Science, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, Italy;Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy;Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;Loc. Farné 32, Lizzano in Belvedere, 40042 Bologna, Italy;Via F.lli Mazzocchi 23, 00133 Rome, Italy;

关键词: Tuber mesentericum;    phylogeny;    truffle;    ascocarp;    Tuber aestivum;   

DOI  :  10.3390/d12090349

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Tuber aestivum, one of the most sought out and marketed truffle species in the world, is morphologically similar to Tuber mesentericum, which is only locally appreciated in south Italy and north-east France. Because T. aestivum and T. mesentericum have very similar ascocarp features, and collection may occur in similar environments and periods, these two species are frequently mistaken for one another. In this study, 43 T. aestivum and T. mesentericum ascocarps were collected in Italy for morphological and molecular characterization. The morphological and aromatic characteristics of the fresh ascocarps were compared with their spore morphology. Afterwards, we amplified and sequenced the elongation factor 1-α (EF1α) locus and built maximum likelihood trees to assess phylogenetic similarities between the two species. Tuber aestivum and T. mesentericum sequences cluster into different clades, with T. mesentericum sequences divided into three different sub-clades. According to their morphological features, three samples (T7, T8 and T12) were classified as T. mesentericum. However, when fresh, these ascocarps lacked the typical phenolic aromatic note. These specimens fall into the sub-clade III of the T. mesentericum phylogeny, which has the lowest genetic distance from the T. aestivum clade.

【 授权许可】

Unknown