Integer and Non-Integer Order Study of the GO-W/GO-EG Nanofluids Flow by Means of Marangoni Convection

Symmetry

Taza Gul¹  Haris Anwar¹  MuhammadAltaf Khan¹  Ilyas Khan²  Poom Kumam³ 

[1] Department of mathematics, City University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;Faculty of Mathematics and Statistics, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 72915, Vietnam;KMUTT-Fixed Point Research Laboratory, Room SCL 802 Fixed Point Laboratory, Science Laboratory Building, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), 126 Pracha-Uthit Road, Bang Mod, Thrung Khru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand;

关键词: integer and non-integer order derivatives;    GO-W/GO-EG nanofluids;    Marangoni convection;    FDE-12 numerical method;   

DOI  :  10.3390/sym11050640

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Characteristically, most fluids are not linear in their natural deeds and therefore fractional order models are very appropriate to handle these kinds of marvels. In this article, we studied the base solvents of water and ethylene glycol for the stable dispersion of graphene oxide to prepare graphene oxide-water (GO-W) and graphene oxide-ethylene glycol (GO-EG) nanofluids. The stable dispersion of the graphene oxide in the water and ethylene glycol was taken from the experimental results. The combined efforts of the classical and fractional order models were imposed and compared under the effect of the Marangoni convection. The numerical method for the non-integer derivative that was used in this research is known as a predictor corrector technique of the Adams−Bashforth−Moulton method (Fractional Differential Equation-12) or shortly (FDE-12). The impact of the modeled parameters were analyzed and compared for both GO-W and GO-EG nanofluids. The diverse effects of the parameters were observed through a fractional model rather than the traditional approach. Furthermore, it was observed that GO-EG nanofluids are more efficient due to their high thermal properties compared with GO-W nanofluids.

【 授权许可】

Unknown