Redox-Mediated Post-Translational Modifications of Proteolytic Enzymes and Their Role in Protease Functioning

Biomolecules

AndreyA. Zamyatnin¹  AnastasiiaI. Petushkova¹ 

[1] Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;

关键词: proteases;    reactive oxygen species;    regulated cell death;    apoptosis;    autophagy;    caspases;   

DOI  :  10.3390/biom10040650

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Proteolytic enzymes play a crucial role in metabolic processes, providing the cell with amino acids through the hydrolysis of multiple endogenous and exogenous proteins. In addition to this function, proteases are involved in numerous protein cascades to maintain cellular and extracellular homeostasis. The redox regulation of proteolysis provides a flexible dose-dependent mechanism for proteolytic activity control. The excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in living organisms indicate pathological conditions, so redox-sensitive proteases can swiftly induce pro-survival responses or regulated cell death (RCD). At the same time, severe protein oxidation can lead to the dysregulation of proteolysis, which induces either protein aggregation or superfluous protein hydrolysis. Therefore, oxidative stress contributes to the onset of age-related dysfunction. In the present review, we consider the post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteolytic enzymes and their impact on homeostasis.

【 授权许可】

Unknown