Conceptual Development of Immunotherapeutic Approaches to Gastrointestinal Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

RidwanBabatunde Ibrahim¹  Yen-Hua Huang²  BilikisAderonke Abolarinwa² 

[1] Institute of Brain Science, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;

关键词: gastrointestinal cancer;    predictive biomarker;    immunotherapy;    immune system;    tumor microenvironment;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms20184624

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is one of the common causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy are the current treatments, but some patients do not derive clinical benefits. Recently, studies from cancer molecular subtyping have revealed that tumor molecular biomarkers may predict the immunotherapeutic response of GI cancer patients. However, the therapeutic response of patients selected by the predictive biomarkers is suboptimal. The tumor immune-microenvironment apparently plays a key role in modulating these molecular-determinant predictive biomarkers. Therefore, an understanding of the development and recent advances in immunotherapeutic pharmacological intervention targeting tumor immune-microenvironments and their potential predictive biomarkers will be helpful to strengthen patient immunotherapeutic efficacy. The current review focuses on an understanding of how the host-microenvironment interactions and the predictive biomarkers can determine the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The contribution of environmental pathogens and host immunity to GI cancer is summarized. A discussion regarding the clinical evidence of predictive biomarkers for clinical trial therapy design, current immunotherapeutic strategies, and the outcomes to GI cancer patients are highlighted. An understanding of the underlying mechanism can predict the immunotherapeutic efficacy and facilitate the future development of personalized therapeutic strategies targeting GI cancers.

【 授权许可】

Unknown