The Archaeological Collection from the Borsk Museum of Local History

Нижневолжский археологический вестник

Ekaterina V. Volkova¹  Olga V. Kuzmina²  Aleksey V. Denisov³ 

[1] Research and Production Center Bifas;Samara Archaeological Society;Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education;

关键词: horn pommel;    stone axe;    sickle;    dart;    arrowhead;    dagger;    sword;    spear;    comb;   

DOI  :  10.15688/nav.jvolsu.2018.2.9

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The paper describes a collection of random finds from the funds of the Borsk Museum of Local History. All of them originate from the territory of the Borsk district of the Samara region. The collection includes items from different eras. The Stone Age is represented with an item made from the elk’s horn. Unique typological characteristics of the object allow us to consider it not as an ordinary clutch, but, perhaps, as a sceptre top. The most numerous finds is a group of materials from the Bronze Age, including stone axes, a pestle, a bronze sickle, a bronze dart tip, a clay spindle and bone a bead. A morphological analysis of the axes leads to the conclusion that they belong to the Fatyanovo and Balanovo cultures and they are the earliest of this type of objects in the Samara Volga region. The tip of the dart, according to its characteristics, has analogies in the monuments of the Abashevo culture. The sickle certainly belongs to the Srubna culture. Of particular interest is the ornamented clay spindle. Similarly shaped spindles are known in the monuments of the Sintashta, Pokrovskaya and Srubna cultures, and the presence of the ornament lets suggest that this product could serve as a pommel. Quite a rare find is a large bone bead. Analogies to it are found in funerary monuments of the Pokrovskaya culture. Published materials of the Iron Age are represented by iron daggers, a sword, a spearhead and bronze arrowheads. Their typology and dating have been determined using the morphological analysis of weapons and a search for analogies in adjacent territories. The finds of the modern times include bronze combs, decorated with twin horse heads. Such metal zoomorphic combs were used by the Finno-Ugric peoples until the beginning of the 20th century. These combs possibly descend from the bronze two-horse-headed noisy pendants of the 7th –11th centuries and comb-pendants of the 8th –12th centuries.

【 授权许可】

Unknown