Effects of Three Irrigation Strategies on Gas Exchange Relationships, Plant Water Status, Yield Components and Water Productivity on Grafted Carménère Grapevines

Frontiers in Plant Science

Carlos Poblete-Echeverría¹  Mauricio Zúñiga²  Samuel Ortega-Farías³  Camilo Riveros-Burgos⁴  Sigfredo Fuentes⁵ 

[1] Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa;Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA Carillanca, Santiago, Chile;Research Program on Adaptation of Agriculture to Climate Change (A2C2), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile;Research and Extension Center for Irrigation and Agroclimatology, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile;School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;

关键词: Carménère vineyards;    yield parameters;    deficit irrigation;    plant water status;    water productivity;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpls.2018.00992

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

In the Chilean viticultural industry, Carménère is considered an emblematic cultivar that is cultivated mainly in arid and semi-arid zones. For this reason, it is necessary to use precise irrigation scheduling for improving water use efficiency (WUE), water productivity (WP), yield and wine quality. This study evaluated the effects of three deficit irrigation strategies on gas exchange variables, WUE, WP and yield components in a drip-irrigated Carménère vineyard growing under semi-arid climatic conditions during two consecutive seasons (2011/12 and 2012/13). The irrigation strategies were applied in completely randomized design from fruit set (S) to harvest (H). The first irrigation strategy (T1) involved continuous irrigation at 100% of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) from S to the veraison (V) period and at 80% of ETa from V to H. The second irrigation strategy (T2) involved irrigation at 50% of ETa from S to H and the third one (T3) involved no-irrigation from S to V and at 30% of ETa from V to H. The results indicated that there was a significant non-linear correlation between net CO2 assimilation (AN) and stomatal conductance (gs), which resulted in three zones of water stress (zone I = gs > 0.30 mol H2O m-2s-1; zone II = between 0.06 and 0.30 mol H2O m-2s-1; and zone III = gs < 0.06 mol H2O m-2s-1). The use of less water by T2 and T3 had a significant effect on yield components, with a reduction in the weight and diameter of grapes. A significant increase in WP (7.3 kg m-3) occurred in T3, which resulted in values of WUE that were significantly higher than those from T1 and T2. Also, a significant non-linear relationship between the integral water stress (SIΨ) and WP (R2 = 0.74) was established. The results show that grafted Carménère vines were tolerant to water stress although differences between cultivars/genotypes still need to be evaluated.

【 授权许可】

Unknown