Distance Measurement of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Vision-Based Systems in Unknown Environments

Electronics

Adam Glowacz¹  Krzysztof Oprzędkiewicz¹  Maciej Sułowicz²  Wahyu Rahmaniar³  Wen-June Wang³  Muhammad Irfan⁴  Wahyu Caesarendra⁵ 

[1]Department of Automatic Control and Robotics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Kraków, Poland

[2]Department of Electrical Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24 Str., 31-155 Cracow, Poland

[3]Department of Electrical Engineering, National Central University, Zhongli 32001, Taiwan

[4]Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia

[5]Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei

关键词: distance measurement;    localization;    mapping;    robotics;    segmentation;    UAV;   

DOI  :  10.3390/electronics10141647

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Localization for the indoor aerial robot remains a challenging issue because global positioning system (GPS) signals often cannot reach several buildings. In previous studies, navigation of mobile robots without the GPS required the registration of building maps beforehand. This paper proposes a novel framework for addressing indoor positioning for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in unknown environments using a camera. First, the UAV attitude is estimated to determine whether the robot is moving forward. Then, the camera position is estimated based on optical flow and the Kalman filter. Semantic segmentation using deep learning is carried out to get the position of the wall in front of the robot. The UAV distance is measured using the comparison of the image size ratio based on the corresponding feature points between the current and the reference of the wall images. The UAV is equipped with ultrasonic sensors to measure the distance of the UAV from the surrounded wall. The ground station receives information from the UAV to show the obstacles around the UAV and its current location. The algorithm is verified by capture the images with distance information and compared with the current image and UAV position. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves an accuracy of 91.7% and a computation time of 8 frames per second (fps).

【 授权许可】

Unknown