Aerosol Detection and Transmission of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV): What Is the Evidence, and What Are the Knowledge Gaps?

Viruses

Steve Tousignant¹  Zvonimir Poljak²  AndréiaGonçalves Arruda³  CesarA Corzo⁴  Montserrat Torremorell⁴  Juan Sanhueza⁴  Carles Vilalta⁴  Carmen Alonso⁵ 

[1] Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health USA Inc., Duluth, GA 30096, USA;Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43215, USA;Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA;Independent Swine Consultant, Barcelona 08195, Spain;

关键词: porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome;    porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV);    aerosol;    airborne;    transmission;   

DOI  :  10.3390/v11080712

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

In human and veterinary medicine, there have been multiple reports of pathogens being airborne under experimental and field conditions, highlighting the importance of this transmission route. These studies shed light on different aspects related to airborne transmission such as the capability of pathogens becoming airborne, the ability of pathogens to remain infectious while airborne, the role played by environmental conditions in pathogen dissemination, and pathogen strain as an interfering factor in airborne transmission. Data showing that airborne pathogens originating from an infectious individual or population can infect susceptible hosts are scarce, especially under field conditions. Furthermore, even though disease outbreak investigations have generated important information identifying potential ports of entry of pathogens into populations, these investigations do not necessarily yield clear answers on mechanisms by which pathogens have been introduced into populations. In swine, the aerosol transmission route gained popularity during the late 1990’s as suspicions of airborne transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were growing. Several studies were conducted within the last 15 years contributing to the understanding of this transmission route; however, questions still remain. This paper reviews the current knowledge and identifies knowledge gaps related to PRRSV airborne transmission.

【 授权许可】

Unknown