When Salt Meddles Between Plant, Soil, and Microorganisms

Frontiers in Plant Science

Flavia Pinzari¹  Anna Otlewska²  Katarzyna Dybka-Stępień²  Aneta Białkowska³  Katarzyna Struszczyk-Świta³  Rosario Napoli⁴  Loredana Canfora⁴  Melania Migliore⁴  Andrea Manfredini⁴ 

[1] Institute for Biological Systems, Council of National Research of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy;Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland;Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland;Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy;

关键词: extreme environment;    halophilic microorganisms;    endophytes;    PGPR—plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria;    agriculture;    microbial metabolism;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpls.2020.553087

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

In extreme environments, the relationships between species are often exclusive and based on complex mechanisms. This review aims to give an overview of the microbial ecology of saline soils, but in particular of what is known about the interaction between plants and their soil microbiome, and the mechanisms linked to higher resistance of some plants to harsh saline soil conditions. Agricultural soils affected by salinity is a matter of concern in many countries. Soil salinization is caused by readily soluble salts containing anions like chloride, sulphate and nitrate, as well as sodium and potassium cations. Salinity harms plants because it affects their photosynthesis, respiration, distribution of assimilates and causes wilting, drying, and death of entire organs. Despite these life-unfavorable conditions, saline soils are unique ecological niches inhabited by extremophilic microorganisms that have specific adaptation strategies. Important traits related to the resistance to salinity are also associated with the rhizosphere-microbiota and the endophytic compartments of plants. For some years now, there have been studies dedicated to the isolation and characterization of species of plants’ endophytes living in extreme environments. The metabolic and biotechnological potential of some of these microorganisms is promising. However, the selection of microorganisms capable of living in association with host plants and promoting their survival under stressful conditions is only just beginning. Understanding the mechanisms of these processes and the specificity of such interactions will allow us to focus our efforts on species that can potentially be used as beneficial bioinoculants for crops.

【 授权许可】

Unknown