Models and Methods to Investigate Acute Stress Responses in Cattle

Animals

Ryan Arsenault¹  Philip Griebel²  Yi Chen²  Scott Napper² 

[1] Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA;Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada;

关键词: bovine;    cortisol;    epinephrine;    kinome;    physical stress;    psychological stress;    immunometabolomics;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ani5040411

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

There is a growing appreciation within the livestock industry and throughout society that animal stress is an important issue that must be addressed. With implications for animal health, well-being, and productivity, minimizing animal stress through improved animal management procedures and/or selective breeding is becoming a priority. Effective management of stress, however, depends on the ability to identify and quantify the effects of various stressors and determine if individual or combined stressors have distinct biological effects. Furthermore, it is critical to determine the duration of stress-induced biological effects if we are to understand how stress alters animal production and disease susceptibility. Common stress models used to evaluate both psychological and physical stressors in cattle are reviewed. We identify some of the major gaps in our knowledge regarding responses to specific stressors and propose more integrated methodologies and approaches to measuring these responses. These approaches are based on an increased knowledge of both the metabolic and immune effects of stress. Finally, we speculate on how these findings may impact animal agriculture, as well as the potential application of large animal models to understanding human stress.

【 授权许可】

Unknown