The Role of microRNAs in the Mammary Gland Development, Health, and Function of Cattle, Goats, and Sheep

Non-Coding RNA

Artem P. Dysin¹  Olga Y. Barkova¹  Marina V. Pozovnikova¹ 

[1] Russian Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding–Branch of the L. K. Ernst Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry, Pushkin, 196625 St. Petersburg, Russia;

关键词: miRNA;    mammary gland;    farm animals;    lactation;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ncrna7040078

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Milk is an integral and therefore complex structural element of mammalian nutrition. Therefore, it is simple to conclude that lactation, the process of producing milk, is as complex as the mammary gland, the organ responsible for this biochemical activity. Nutrition, genetics, epigenetics, disease pathogens, climatic conditions, and other environmental variables all impact breast productivity. In the last decade, the number of studies devoted to epigenetics has increased dramatically. Reports are increasingly describing the direct participation of microRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, in the regulation of mammary gland development and function. This paper presents a summary of the current state of knowledge about the roles of miRNAs in mammary gland development, health, and functions, particularly during lactation. The significance of miRNAs in signaling pathways, cellular proliferation, and the lipid metabolism in agricultural ruminants, which are crucial in light of their role in the nutrition of humans as consumers of dairy products, is discussed.

【 授权许可】

Unknown