Clustering of Road Traffic Accidents as a Gestalt Problem

Applied Sciences

Dušan Joksimović¹  Milan Gnjatović¹  Ivan Košanin²  Nemanja Maček³ 

[1] Department of Information Technology, University of Criminal Investigation and Police Studies, Cara Dušana 196, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia;Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Serbia, Kneza Miloša 101, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Academy of Technical and Art Applied Studies, Vojvode Stepe 283, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;

关键词: traffic accident;    clustering;    spatially prolonged risk;    Gestalt;    proximity;    open data;   

DOI  :  10.3390/app12094543

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

This paper introduces and illustrates an approach to automatically detecting and selecting “critical” road segments, intended for application in circumstances of limited human or technical resources for traffic monitoring and management. The reported study makes novel contributions at three levels. At the specification level, it conceptualizes “critical segments” as road segments of spatially prolonged and high traffic accident risk. At the methodological level, it proposes a two-stage approach to traffic accident clustering and selection. The first stage is devoted to spatial clustering of traffic accidents. The second stage is devoted to selection of clusters that are dominant in terms of number of accidents. At the implementation level, the paper reports on a prototype system and illustrates its functionality using publicly available real-life data. The presented approach is psychologically inspired to the extent that it introduces a clustering criterion based on the Gestalt principle of proximity. Thus, the proposed algorithm is not density-based, as are most other state-of-the-art clustering algorithms applied in the context of traffic accident analysis, but still keeps their main advantages: it allows for clusters of arbitrary shapes, does not require an a priori given number of clusters, and excludes “noisy” observations.

【 授权许可】

Unknown