Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Potentials of Carica papaya Leaf Extracts: A Comparison of Supercritical Fluid and Conventional Extraction Methods

Molecules

NelsonJeng-Yeou Chear¹  Juzaili Azizi¹  Boon-Keat Khor²  Kooi-Yeong Khaw³ 

[1] Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia;School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia;School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;

关键词: Carica papaya;    supercritical carbon dioxide;    co-solvent;    α-tocopherol;    squalene;    rutin;   

DOI  :  10.3390/molecules26051489

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The leaves of Carica papaya (CP) are rich in natural antioxidants. Carica papaya has traditionally been used to treat various ailments, including skin diseases. This study aims to decipher the antioxidant effects and phytochemical content of different CP leaf extracts (CPEs) obtained using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO₂) and conventional extraction methods. The antioxidant activities of CPEs were evaluated by cell-free (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric-reduced antioxidative power (FRAP)) and cell-based (H₂O₂) assay. Both C. papaya leaf scCO₂ extract with 5% ethanol (CPSCE) and C. papaya leaf scCO₂ extract (CPSC) exhibited stronger DPPH radical scavenging activity than conventional extracts. In the FRAP assay, two hydrophilic extracts (C. papaya leaf ethanol extract (CPEE) and C. papaya freeze-dried leaf juice (CPFD)) showed relatively stronger reducing power compared to lipophilic extracts. Cell-based assays showed that CPFD significantly protected skin fibroblasts from H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress in both pre-and post-treatment. CPEE protected skin fibroblasts from oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner while CPSCE significantly triggered the fibroblast recovery after treatment with H₂O₂. GC-MS analysis indicated that CPSCE had the highest α-tocopherol and squalene contents. By contrast, both CP hydrophilic extracts (CPEE and CPFD) had a higher total phenolic content (TPC) and rutin content than the lipophilic extracts. Overall, CPEs extracted using green and conventional extraction methods showed antioxidative potential in both cell-based and cell-free assays due to their lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants, respectively.

【 授权许可】

Unknown