ISCOs and OSCOs in the Presence of a Positive Cosmological Constant in Massive Gravity

Universe

Grigoris Panotopoulos¹  Ilídio Lopes¹  Ángel Rincón²  Norman Cruz² 

[1] Centro de Astrofísica e Gravitação-CENTRA, Instituto Superior Técnico-IST, Universidade de Lisboa-UL, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;Departamento de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Avenida Ecuador 3493, Estación Central, Santiago 9170124, Chile;

关键词: massive gravity;    orbital precession;    perturbative potential;    ISCOs and OSCOs of astrophysical objects;   

DOI  :  10.3390/universe7080278

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

We study the impact of a non-vanishing (positive) cosmological constant on the innermost and outermost stable circular orbits (ISCOs and OSCOs, respectively) within massive gravity in four dimensions. The gravitational field generated by a point-like object within this theory is known, generalizing the usual Schwarzschild–de Sitter geometry of General Relativity. In the non-relativistic limit, the gravitational potential differs by the one corresponding to the Schwarzschild–de Sitter geometry by a term that is linear in the radial coordinate with some prefactor $\gamma$, which is the only free parameter. Starting from the geodesic equations for massive test particles and the corresponding effective potential, we obtain a polynomial of fifth order that allows us to compute the innermost and outermost stable circular orbits. Next, we numerically compute the real and positive roots of the polynomial for several different structures (from the hydrogen atom to stars and globular clusters to galaxies and galaxy clusters) considering three distinct values of the parameter $\gamma$, determined using physical considerations, such as galaxy rotation curves and orbital precession. Similarly to the Kottler spacetime, both ISCOs and OSCOs appear. Their astrophysical relevance as well as the comparison with the Kottler spacetime are briefly discussed.

【 授权许可】

Unknown