Genomic Insights Into the Population History and Biological Adaptation of Southwestern Chinese Hmong–Mien People

Frontiers in Genetics

Guanglin He³  Chuan-Chao Wang³  Lin Wang⁴  Cuo Leng⁵  Wenshan Li⁵  Xing Zou⁶  Jingrong Zhu⁷  Chao Liu⁸  Mengge Wang⁸  Quyi Xu⁹  Changhui Liu⁹  Yan Liu^1,10  Jie Xie^1,11  Xiaohong Wen^1,11  Hui-Yuan Yeh^1,12 

[1] 0State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China;1Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China;2State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China;College of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China;College of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China;College of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China;Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China;Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China;Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou, China;Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China;School of Basic Medical Sciences, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China;School of Humanities, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore;

关键词: Chinese Population Genetic Diversity Project (CPGDP);    biological adaptation;    genome-wide SNPs;    genetic admixture model;    HM people;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fgene.2021.815160

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Hmong–Mien (HM) -speaking populations, widely distributed in South China, the north of Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam, have experienced different settlement environments, dietary habits, and pathogenic exposure. However, their specific biological adaptation remained largely uncharacterized, which is important in the population evolutionary genetics and Trans-Omics for regional Precision Medicine. Besides, the origin and genetic diversity of HM people and their phylogenetic relationship with surrounding modern and ancient populations are also unknown. Here, we reported genome-wide SNPs in 52 representative Miao people and combined them with 144 HM people from 13 geographically representative populations to characterize the full genetic admixture and adaptive landscape of HM speakers. We found that obvious genetic substructures existed in geographically different HM populations; one localized in the HM clines, and others possessed affinity with Han Chinese. We also identified one new ancestral lineage specifically existed in HM people, which spatially distributed from Sichuan and Guizhou in the north to Thailand in the south. The sharing patterns of the newly identified homogenous ancestry component combined the estimated admixture times via the decay of linkage disequilibrium and haplotype sharing in GLOBETROTTER suggested that the modern HM-speaking populations originated from Southwest China and migrated southward in the historic period, which is consistent with the reconstructed phenomena of linguistic and archeological documents. Additionally, we identified specific adaptive signatures associated with several important human nervous system biological functions. Our pilot work emphasized the importance of anthropologically informed sampling and deeply genetic structure reconstruction via whole-genome sequencing in the next step in the deep Chinese Population Genomic Diversity Project (CPGDP), especially in the regions with rich ethnolinguistic diversity.

【 授权许可】

Unknown