Nitrosative Stress and Its Association with Cardiometabolic Disorders

Molecules

María Elena Soto¹  Verónica Guarner-Lans²  María Esther Rubio-Ruíz²  Linaloe Manzano-Pech³  Israel Pérez-Torres³ 

[1]Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City 14080, Mexico

[2]Physiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City 14080, Mexico

[3]Vascular Biomedicine Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City 14080, Mexico

关键词: nitric oxide;    peroxynitrite;    nitrosative stress;    uncoupled NOS isoforms;   

DOI  :  10.3390/molecules25112555

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

: Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are formed when there is an abnormal increase in the level of nitric oxide (NO) produced by the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and/or by the uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). The presence of high concentrations of superoxide anions (O₂⁻) is also necessary for their formation. RNS react three times faster than O₂⁻ with other molecules and have a longer mean half life. They cause irreversible damage to cell membranes, proteins, mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum, nucleic acids and enzymes, altering their activity and leading to necrosis and to cell death. Although nitrogen species are important in the redox imbalance, this review focuses on the alterations caused by the RNS in the cellular redox system that are associated with cardiometabolic diseases. Currently, nitrosative stress (NSS) is implied in the pathogenesis of many diseases. The mechanisms that produce damage remain poorly understood. In this paper, we summarize the current knowledge on the participation of NSS in the pathology of cardiometabolic diseases and their possible mechanisms of action. This information might be useful for the future proposal of anti-NSS therapies for cardiometabolic diseases.

【 授权许可】

Unknown