SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibody (Ab) Levels and the Kinetic of Ab Decline Determine Ab Persistence Over 1 Year

Frontiers in Medicine

Michael Kundi¹  Renate Kunert²  Patrick Mayrhofer²  Maria R. Farcet³  Thomas R. Kreil³  Eva Hoeltl⁴  Venugopal Gudipati⁵  Anna Ohradanova-Repic⁵  Johannes B. Huppa⁵  Laura Gebetsberger⁵  Anna-Margarita Schoetta⁵  Hannes Stockinger⁵  Angelika Wagner⁶  Ursula Wiedermann⁶  Erika Garner-Spitzer⁶ 

[1] Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria;Global Pathogen Safety, Baxter AG, a Takeda company, Vienna, Austria;Health Center Erste Bank, Erste Bank, Vienna, Austria;Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;

关键词: SARS-CoV-2;    infection;    neutralizing Abs;    antibody kinetics;    vaccination;    persistence;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmed.2022.822316

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

In a SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence study conducted with 1,655 working adults in spring of 2020, 12 of the subjects presented with positive neutralization test (NT) titers (>1:10). They were here followed up for 1 year to assess their Ab persistence. We report that 7/12 individuals (58%) had NT_50 titers ≥1:50 and S1-specific IgG ≥50 BAU/ml 1 year after mild COVID-19 infection. S1-specific IgG were retained until a year when these levels were at least >60 BAU/ml at 3 months post-infection. For both the initial fast and subsequent slow decline phase of Abs, we observed a significant correlation between NT_50 titers and S1-specific IgG and thus propose S1-IgG of 60 BAU/ml 3 months post-infection as a potential threshold to predict neutralizing Ab persistence for 1 year. NT_50 titers and S1-specific IgG also correlated with circulating S1-specific memory B-cells. SARS-CoV-2-specific Ab levels after primary mRNA vaccination in healthy controls were higher (Geometric Mean Concentration [GMC] 3158 BAU/ml [CI 2592 to 3848]) than after mild COVID-19 infection (GMC 82 BAU/ml [CI 48 to 139]), but showed a stronger fold-decline within 5–6 months (0.20–fold, to GMC 619 BAU/ml [CI 479 to 801] vs. 0.56–fold, to GMC 46 BAU/ml [CI 26 to 82]). Of particular interest, the decline of both infection- and vaccine-induced Abs correlated with body mass index. Our data contribute to describe decline and persistence of SARS-CoV-2-specific Abs after infection and vaccination, yet the relevance of the maintained Ab levels for protection against infection and/or disease depends on the so far undefined correlate of protection.

【 授权许可】

Unknown