A BIM-Based Solution for the Optimisation of Fire Safety Measures in the Building Design

Sustainability

Moslem Sheikhkhoshkar¹  Mohammad Rastegar Moghaddam²  Mohammad Rezazadeh²  Mahdi Sabbaghzadeh²  Mostafa Khanzadi²  Saeed Talebi³ 

[1] CRAN CNRS UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, F-88000 Epinal, France;School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 13114-16846, Iran;School of Engineering and the Built Environment, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK;

关键词: fire safety engineering;    building information modelling;    graph theory;    billiards-inspired optimisation algorithm;    safe evacuation;   

DOI  :  10.3390/su14031626

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

A significant number of injuries and fatalities occur annually due to fire in buildings. The proactive use of fire safety measures at the design stage can potentially lead to a considerable improvement in reducing casualties by assisting occupants in a safe evacuation. In this study, a framework is developed to obtain a set of appropriate fire safety measures while considering their effects on safe evacuation (i.e., increasing the percentage of survived occupants) and budget limits. The framework consists of four phases, namely (1) initial preparation, (2) optimisation with a meta-heuristic algorithm, (3) decision making when the designer should select appropriate measures considering the budget limit, and (4) applying the selected measures into BIM. A binary version of Billiards-inspired Optimisation Algorithm (BOA) is developed and utilised in the optimisation phase. A case study approach is adopted for this research and the performance of the proposed framework is evaluated by implementing it in two case projects: a residential building and a hospital building. The results indicate that the framework is a beneficial approach for designers to modify building designs in terms of safe evacuation at the design stage by using fire safety measures effectively and economically. It is expected that the output of this framework will help decrease fatalities of building users during a fire.

【 授权许可】

Unknown