Towards a Smarter Battery Management System for Electric Vehicle Applications: A Critical Review of Lithium-Ion Battery State of Charge Estimation

Energies

Muhammad Junaid Alvi¹  Amad Zafar²  Hee-Je Kim³  SarvarHussain Nengroo³  Sadam Hussain³  MuhammadUmair Ali³ 

[1] Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan;Department of Electrical Engineering, Wah Engineering College, University of Wah, Wah Cantt 47040, Pakistan;School of Electrical Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30, ChangJeon 2 Dong, KeumJeong-gu, Pusan 46241, Korea;

关键词: battery management system;    energy storage system;    electric vehicle;    lithium-ion battery;    state of charge;   

DOI  :  10.3390/en12030446

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Energy storage system (ESS) technology is still the logjam for the electric vehicle (EV) industry. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries have attracted considerable attention in the EV industry owing to their high energy density, lifespan, nominal voltage, power density, and cost. In EVs, a smart battery management system (BMS) is one of the essential components; it not only measures the states of battery accurately, but also ensures safe operation and prolongs the battery life. The accurate estimation of the state of charge (SOC) of a Li-ion battery is a very challenging task because the Li-ion battery is a highly time variant, non-linear, and complex electrochemical system. This paper explains the workings of a Li-ion battery, provides the main features of a smart BMS, and comprehensively reviews its SOC estimation methods. These SOC estimation methods have been classified into four main categories depending on their nature. A critical explanation, including their merits, limitations, and their estimation errors from other studies, is provided. Some recommendations depending on the development of technology are suggested to improve the online estimation.

【 授权许可】

Unknown