Placenta-Specific Genes, Their Regulation During Villous Trophoblast Differentiation and Dysregulation in Preterm Preeclampsia

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Sorin Draghici¹  Martin Knöfler²  Gudrun Meinhardt²  BalazsA. Gyorffy³  KatalinAdrienna Kekesi³  Zoltan Papp⁴  Petronella Hupuczi⁴  Offer Erez⁵  AdiLaurentiu Tarca⁵  Roberto Romero⁵  Yi Xu⁵  Janos Palhalmi⁶  Peter Kiraly⁶  NandorGabor Than⁶  Zsolt Gelencser⁶  Andras Szilagyi⁶  Amanda Demeter⁶  Kata Juhasz⁶ 

[1] Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Biology Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria;Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary;Maternity Private Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, H-1126 Budapest, Hungary;Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20692, and Detroit, MI 48201, USA;Systems Biology of Reproduction Lendulet Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary;

关键词: development;    immune tolerance;    metabolism;    microarray;    omics;    transcriptional network;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms21020628

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The human placenta maintains pregnancy and supports the developing fetus by providing nutrition, gas-waste exchange, hormonal regulation, and an immunological barrier from the maternal immune system. The villous syncytiotrophoblast carries most of these functions and provides the interface between the maternal and fetal circulatory systems. The syncytiotrophoblast is generated by the biochemical and morphological differentiation of underlying cytotrophoblast progenitor cells. The dysfunction of the villous trophoblast development is implicated in placenta-mediated pregnancy complications. Herein, we describe gene modules and clusters involved in the dynamic differentiation of villous cytotrophoblasts into the syncytiotrophoblast. During this process, the immune defense functions are first established, followed by structural and metabolic changes, and then by peptide hormone synthesis. We describe key transcription regulatory molecules that regulate gene modules involved in placental functions. Based on transcriptomic evidence, we infer how villous trophoblast differentiation and functions are dysregulated in preterm preeclampsia, a life-threatening placenta-mediated obstetrical syndrome for the mother and fetus. In the conclusion, we uncover the blueprint for villous trophoblast development and its impairment in preterm preeclampsia, which may aid in the future development of non-invasive biomarkers for placental functions and early identification of women at risk for preterm preeclampsia as well as other placenta-mediated pregnancy complications.

【 授权许可】

Unknown