Extracellular Vesicles (Exosomes) as Immunosuppressive Mediating Variables in Tumor and Chronic Inflammatory Microenvironments

Cells

Wen Zhang¹  Annoor Awadasseid¹  Yanling Wu² 

[1] Lab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;Lab of Molecular Immunology, Virus Inspection Department, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China;

关键词: extracellular vesicles;    exosomes;    immunosuppression;    chronic inflammatory;    cancer;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cells10102533

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by most of the eukaryotic cells. Exosomes’ components include proteins, lipids, microRNA, circular RNA, long noncoding RNA, DNA, etc. Exosomes may carry both pro and anti-inflammatory cargos; however, exosomes are predominantly filled with immunosuppressive cargos such as enzymes and microRNAs in chronic inflammation. Exosomes have surfaced as essential participants in physiological and pathological intercellular communication. Exosomes may prevent or promote the formation of an aggressive tumor and chronic inflammatory microenvironments, thus influencing tumor and chronic inflammatory progression as well as clinical prognosis. Exosomes, which transmit many signals that may either enhance or constrain immunosuppression of lymphoid and myeloid cell populations in tumors, are increasingly becoming recognized as significant mediators of immune regulation in cancer. In this review, we outline the function of exosomes as mediators of immunosuppression in tumor and chronic inflammatory microenvironments, with the aim to improve cancer therapy.

【 授权许可】

Unknown