Tumor neoantigens: from basic research to clinical applications

Journal of Hematology & Oncology

Henghui Zhang¹  Caicun Zhou²  Shengxiang Ren²  Tao Jiang³  Jie Hu³  Yuanlin Song³  Tao Shi⁴  Jia Wei⁴ 

[1] Beijing Genecast Biotechnology Co.;Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine;Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University;The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University;

关键词: Neoantigen;    Immunotherapy;    Immune escape;    Immune checkpoint;    Resistance;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13045-019-0787-5

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Tumor neoantigen is the truly foreign protein and entirely absent from normal human organs/tissues. It could be specifically recognized by neoantigen-specific T cell receptors (TCRs) in the context of major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) molecules. Emerging evidence has suggested that neoantigens play a critical role in tumor-specific T cell-mediated antitumor immune response and successful cancer immunotherapies. From a theoretical perspective, neoantigen is an ideal immunotherapy target because they are distinguished from germline and could be recognized as non-self by the host immune system. Neoantigen-based therapeutic personalized vaccines and adoptive T cell transfer have shown promising preliminary results. Furthermore, recent studies suggested the significant role of neoantigen in immune escape, immunoediting, and sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this review, we systematically summarize the recent advances of understanding and identification of tumor-specific neoantigens and its role on current cancer immunotherapies. We also discuss the ongoing development of strategies based on neoantigens and its future clinical applications.

【 授权许可】

Unknown