Impact of Prenatal and Postnatal Exposure to Endocrine Disrupter DDT on Adrenal Medulla Function

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Marina Y. Ivanova¹  Tatiana A. Lomanovskaya¹  Elizaveta V. Chereshneva¹  Svetlana V. Nazimova²  Elina S. Tsomartova²  Dibakhan A. Tsomartova²  Ekaterina P. Timokhina²  Nataliya V. Yaglova²  Sergey S. Obernikhin²  Valentin V. Yaglov² 

[1] Department of Histology, Cytology, and Embryology, Federal State Funded Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia;Laboratory of Endocrine System Development, Research Institute of Human Morphology, FSBSI, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 119991 Moscow, Russia;

关键词: epinephrine;    adrenal medulla;    endocrine disruption;    DDT;    secretion;    mitochondria;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms23094912

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Epinephrine is the most abundant catecholamine hormone, produced by the nervous system and adrenal glands. Endocrine disruption of epinephrine synthesis, secretion and signaling is less studied than steroid and thyroid hormones. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is recognized as one of the most prominent environmental contaminants with a long half-life. It is a potent endocrine disrupter affecting sex steroid, mineralocorticoid, glucocorticoid and thyroid hormone production. Exposure to low doses of DDT is universal and begins in utero. Therefore, we studied adrenal medulla growth and function in male Wistar rats exposed to low doses of DDT during prenatal and postnatal development until puberty and adulthood, as well as rats exposed to DDT since the first day of postnatal development. All the exposed rats demonstrated lowered epinephrine blood levels, gradually reducing with age. DDT was found to inhibit the synthesis of tyrosine hydroxylase and affect the mitochondrial apparatus of epinephrine-producing cells during puberty and even after maturation. Low-dose exposure to DDT from birth resulted in more pronounced changes in adrenomedullary cells and a more profound decrease (up to 50%) in epinephrine secretion in adult rats. Prenatal onset of exposure demonstrated a mild effect on epinephrine-producing function (30% reduction), but was associated with lower rate of adrenal medulla growth during maturation and 25% smaller adrenal medullar size in adult rats. All subjects exposed to low doses of DDT failed to develop adaptive changes and restore proper epinephrine production. These results indicate a dysmorphogenetic effect of prenatal exposure and disruption of secretory function of adrenal chromaffin cells by postnatal exposure to DDT.

【 授权许可】

Unknown