Energy Efficient Design of Massive MIMO by Considering the Effects of Nonlinear Amplifiers

Energies

Arfat Ahmad Khan¹  Peerapong Uthansakul¹  Pumin Duangmanee¹  Monthippa Uthansakul¹ 

[1] School of Telecommunication Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasimina 30000, Thailand;

关键词: Massive MIMO;    Time Division Duplex;    energy efficiency;    power amplifiers;   

DOI  :  10.3390/en11051045

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) alludes to the theory of having a large number of transmitter chains at the base station, which in turn provides the higher spectral and energy efficiency with reduced radiated power and greater simplicity in the signal processing. In this paper, we have improved the energy efficiency of Massive MIMO by considering the effects of nonlinear amplifiers in each transmitter branch. We have designed the system by calculating the optimal number of transmitters and receivers with the optimal transmitted power and their corresponding spectral efficiency in terms of energy efficient prospective of Massive MIMO under both the perfect and imperfect channel conditions at different power consumption and area of coverage. We have evaluated the impacts of nonlinear amplifiers by calculating the energy efficiency at different efficiencies and distortion losses of nonlinear power amplifiers. In order to solve the optimization problem of energy efficiency, we have proposed an alternative optimization method which converges quickly and provides the optimal parameters under both the perfect and imperfect channel conditions.

【 授权许可】

Unknown