Genitourinary Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Review of a Neglected Manifestation in Low-Endemic Countries

Antibiotics

Gernot Bonkat¹  Riccardo Bartoletti²  Enrico Vecchio³  Aldo Franco De Rose³  Guglielmo Mantica³  Carlo Terrone³  Francesca Ambrosini³  Lorenzo Rigatti⁴  André Van der Merwe⁵  Niccolò Riccardi⁶ 

[1] Alta uro AG, Merian Iselin Klinik, Center of Biomechanics & Calorimetry, University of Basel, 4123 Basel, Switzerland;Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy;Department of Urology, San Raffaele Hospital, San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy;Department of Urology, Tygerberg Academic Hospital, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;

关键词: GUTB;    genitourinary tuberculosis;    tuberculosis;    TB;    extrapulmonary TB;    urogenital TB;   

DOI  :  10.3390/antibiotics10111399

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Genitourinary tuberculosis (GUTB) represents a disease often underestimated by urological specialists, particularly in settings such as the European one, where the pathology is less frequent. Similar to other uncommon diseases at these latitudes, GUTB is a neglected clinical problem. In this light, the aim of this review is to give a comprehensive overview of GUTB in order to provide a useful tool for urologists who seldomly manage this disease. A non-systematic review of genitourinary tuberculosis was performed on relevant articles published from January 1990 to July 2021 using PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. GUTB represents up to a quarter of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) cases. Diagnostic, therapeutic and surgical work-up have been deeply reviewed and summarized. The mass migration of refugees to Europe as well as the ease of international travel is gradually leading to an upsurge in urological diseases such as GUTB, which were previously only rarely encountered in some European countries. The poor TB knowledge of European urologists should be improved through medical education courses, webinars or telematic means.

【 授权许可】

Unknown