Contribution of Dysregulated DNA Methylation to Autoimmunity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Samanta C. Funes¹  Juan P. Mackern-Oberti²  Ayleen Fernández-Fierro³  Alexis M. Kalergis³  Diego Rebolledo-Zelada³ 

[1] Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas-San Luis (IMIBIO-SL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET), Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), San Luis CP 5700, Argentina;Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo—IMBECU-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza CP 5500, Argentina;Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile;

关键词: DNA methylation;    epigenetic;    systemic autoimmunity;    rheumatoid arthritis;    CpG;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms222111892

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs are known regulators of gene expression and genomic stability in cell growth, development, and differentiation. Because epigenetic mechanisms can regulate several immune system elements, epigenetic alterations have been found in several autoimmune diseases. The purpose of this review is to discuss the epigenetic modifications, mainly DNA methylation, involved in autoimmune diseases in which T cells play a significant role. For example, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus display differential gene methylation, mostly hypomethylated 5′-C-phosphate-G-3′ (CpG) sites that may associate with disease activity. However, a clear association between DNA methylation, gene expression, and disease pathogenesis must be demonstrated. A better understanding of the impact of epigenetic modifications on the onset of autoimmunity will contribute to the design of novel therapeutic approaches for these diseases.

【 授权许可】

Unknown