Platelet‐Derived Mitochondria Display Embryonic Stem Cell Markers and Improve Pancreatic Islet β‐cell Function in Humans

Stem Cells Translational Medicine

Edward Guindi¹  Thomas Moss¹  Jing Zhou²  Quanhai Li²  Mao Mao³  Anna Janostakova³  Honglan Wang³  Wei Hu³  Yong Zhao³  Elias Delgado⁴  Edelmiro Menendez⁴  Eva Martinez Revuelta⁵  Jose Maria García‐Gala⁵  Jing Wang⁶  Zhaoshun Jiang⁶  Zhaohui Yin⁶  Qidong Tan⁶  Huimin Zhou⁷  Heng Li⁸  Yunxiang Li⁹  Ying Li⁹  Ye Zhang⁹  Jesus Otero^1,10  Maria Alvarez‐Viejo^1,10  Silvia Perez‐Lopez^1,10  Marcos Perez‐Basterrechea^1,10 

[1] CORD:USE Cord Blood BankOrlando Florida USA;Cell Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China;Department of ResearchHackensack University Medical CenterHackensack New Jersey USA;Endocrinology Section, Department of Medicine, University of OviedoOviedo Spain;Hematology and Hemotherapy ServiceHospital Universitario Central de AsturiasOviedo Spain;Section of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Jinan Military CommandJinan Shandong People's Republic of China;Section of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China;Section of NeurologyJinan Central HospitalJinan Shandong People's Republic of China;Tianhe Stem Cell Biotechnologies Inc.Jinan Shandong People's Republic of China;Unit of Transplants, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Hospital Universitario Central de AsturiasOviedo Spain;

关键词: Diabetes;    Type 1 diabetes;    Stem cell;    Platelet;    Mitochondria;    Stem cell educator;   

DOI  :  10.1002/sctm.17-0078

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Diabetes is a major global health issue and the number of individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) increases annually across multiple populations. Research to develop a cure must overcome multiple immune dysfunctions and the shortage of pancreatic islet β cells, but these challenges have proven intractable despite intensive research effort more than the past decades. Stem Cell Educator (SCE) therapy—which uses only autologous blood immune cells that are externally exposed to cord blood stem cells adhering to the SCE device, has previously been proven safe and effective in Chinese and Spanish subjects for the improvement of T1D, T2D, and other autoimmune diseases. Here, 4‐year follow‐up studies demonstrated the long‐term safety and clinical efficacy of SCE therapy for the treatment of T1D and T2D. Mechanistic studies found that the nature of platelets was modulated in diabetic subjects after receiving SCE therapy. Platelets and their released mitochondria display immune tolerance‐associated markers that can modulate the proliferation and function of immune cells. Notably, platelets also expressed embryonic stem cell‐ and pancreatic islet β‐cell‐associated markers that are encoded by mitochondrial DNA. Using freshly‐isolated human pancreatic islets, ex vivo studies established that platelet‐releasing mitochondria can migrate to pancreatic islets and be taken up by islet β cells, leading to the proliferation and enhancement of islet β‐cell functions. These findings reveal new mechanisms underlying SCE therapy and open up new avenues to improve the treatment of diabetes in clinics. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:1684–1697

【 授权许可】

Unknown