Pristine and Magnetic Kenaf Fiber Biochar for Cd2+ Adsorption from Aqueous Solution

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Noorfidza Yub Harun¹  Anwar Ameen Hezam Saeed¹  Suriati Sufian¹  Ahmad Hussaini Jagaba²  Aiban Abdulhakim Saeed Ghaleb²  Haetham G. Mohammed³  Muhammad Roil Bilad⁴  Zaki Yamani Zakaria⁵ 

[1] Department of Chemical Engineering, University Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 31750, Malaysia;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, Malaysia;Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, Malaysia;Faculty of Integrated Technologies, University Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei;School of Chemical & Energy Engineering, University Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Malaysia;

关键词: adsorption;    heavy metals;    magnetic biochar;    iron oxides;    kenaf fiber;    synthesis;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijerph18157949

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Development of strategies for removing heavy metals from aquatic environments is in high demand. Cadmium is one of the most dangerous metals in the environment, even under extremely low quantities. In this study, kenaf and magnetic biochar composite were prepared for the adsorption of Cd²⁺. The synthesized biochar was characterized using (a vibrating-sample magnetometer VSM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The adsorption batch study was carried out to investigate the influence of pH, kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamics on Cd²⁺ adsorption. The characterization results demonstrated that the biochar contained iron particles that help in improving the textural properties (i.e., surface area and pore volume), increasing the number of oxygen-containing groups, and forming inner-sphere complexes with oxygen-containing groups. The adsorption study results show that optimum adsorption was achieved under pH 5–6. An increase in initial ion concentration and solution temperature resulted in increased adsorption capacity. Surface modification of biochar using iron oxide for imposing magnetic property allowed for easy separation by external magnet and regeneration. The magnetic biochar composite also showed a higher affinity to Cd²⁺ than the pristine biochar. The adsorption data fit well with the pseudo-second-order and the Langmuir isotherm, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 47.90 mg/g.

【 授权许可】

Unknown