Dynamic Luminal Topography: A Potential Strategy to Prevent Vascular Graft Thrombosis

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Nandan Pitre¹  Ya Gao²  Joseph A. Pugar²  Sachin Velankar³  Luka Pocivavsek⁴  Nandan N. Nath⁵  Karim Salem⁵  Ryan McEnaney⁶  Edith Tzeng⁶ 

[1] Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States;Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States;Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States;Division of Vascular Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States;Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States;VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Systems, Pittsburgh, PA, United States;

关键词: prosthetic vascular graft;    dynamic topography;    compliance;    platelets;    ex vivo pulsatile flow model;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fbioe.2020.573400

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

AimBiologic interfaces play important roles in tissue function. The vascular lumen-blood interface represents a surface where dynamic interactions between the endothelium and circulating blood cells are critical in preventing thrombosis. The arterial lumen possesses a uniform wrinkled surface determined by the underlying internal elastic lamina. The function of this structure is not known, but computational analyses of artificial surfaces with dynamic topography, oscillating between smooth and wrinkled configurations, support the ability of this surface structure to shed adherent material (Genzer and Groenewold, 2006; Bixler and Bhushan, 2012; Li et al., 2014). We hypothesized that incorporating a luminal surface capable of cyclical wrinkling/flattening during the cardiac cycle into vascular graft technology may represent a novel mechanism of resisting platelet adhesion and thrombosis.Methods and ResultsBilayer silicone grafts possessing luminal corrugations that cyclically wrinkle and flatten during pulsatile flow were fabricated based on material strain mismatch. When placed into a pulsatile flow circuit with activated platelets, these grafts exhibited significantly reduced platelet deposition compared to grafts with smooth luminal surfaces. Constrained wrinkled grafts with static topography during pulsatile flow were more susceptible to platelet accumulation than dynamic wrinkled grafts and behaved similar to the smooth grafts under pulsatile flow. Wrinkled grafts under continuous flow conditions also exhibited marked increases in platelet accumulation.ConclusionThese findings provide evidence that grafts with dynamic luminal topography resist platelet accumulation and support the application of this structure in vascular graft technology to improve the performance of prosthetic grafts. They also suggest that this corrugated structure in arteries may represent an inherent, self-cleaning mechanism in the vasculature.

【 授权许可】

Unknown