RSV and HMPV Infections in 3D Tissue Cultures: Mechanisms Involved in Virus-Host and Virus-Virus Interactions

Viruses

Laurent Kaiser¹  Caroline Tapparel¹  Johan Geiser¹  Manel Essaidi-Laziosi¹  Song Huang²  Samuel Constant²  Guy Boivin³ 

[1] Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;Epithelix Sàrl, 1228 Geneva, Switzerland;Research Center in Infectious Diseases, CHU of Quebec and Laval University, Quebec City, QC 47762, Canada;

关键词: HMPV;    RSV;    airway epithelia;    single and dual infections;    innate immunity and IFN response.;   

DOI  :  10.3390/v13010139

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Respiratory viral infections constitute a global public health concern. Among prevalent respiratory viruses, two pneumoviruses can be life-threatening in high-risk populations. In young children, they constitute the first cause of hospitalization due to severe lower respiratory tract diseases. A better understanding of their pathogenesis is still needed as there are no approved efficient anti-viral nor vaccine against pneumoviruses. We studied Respiratory Syncytial virus (RSV) and human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) in single and dual infections in three-dimensional cultures, a highly relevant model to study viral respiratory infections of the airway epithelium. Our investigation showed that HMPV is less pathogenic than RSV in this model. Compared to RSV, HMPV replicated less efficiently, induced a lower immune response, did not block cilia beating, and was more sensitive to IFNs. In dual infections, RSV-infected epithelia were less permissive to HMPV. By neutralizing IFNs in co-infection assays, we partially prevented HMPV inhibition by RSV and significantly increased the number of co-infected cells in the tissue. This suggests that interference in dual infection would be at least partly mediated by the host immune response. In summary, this work provides new insight regarding virus-host and virus-virus interactions of pneumoviruses in the airway epithelium. This could be helpful for the proper handling of at-risk patients.

【 授权许可】

Unknown