The soil and plant biogeochemistry sampling design for The National Ecological Observatory Network

Ecosphere

Kathleen C. Weathers¹  Peter M. Vitousek²  David G. Williams³  Christine L. Goodale⁴  Benjamin P. Colman⁵  Erika Marín‐Spiotta⁶  Gabriel J. Bowen⁷  Benjamin Z. Houlton⁸  Kiona Ogle⁹  Scott V. Ollinger^1,10  Eve‐Lyn S. Hinckley^1,11  Gordon B. Bonan^1,12  Eldor A. Paul^1,13  Paul A. Duffy^1,14 

[1] Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies Millbrook New York 12545 USA;Department of Biology Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA;Department of Botany University of Wyoming Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA;Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA;Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences University of Montana Missoula Montana 59812 USA;Department of Geography University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA;Department of Geology and Geophysics University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah 84112 USA;Department of Land, Air and Water Resources University of California Davis California 95616 USA;Informatics and Computing Program Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA;Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space University of New Hampshire Durham New Hampshire 03824 USA;Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research Boulder Colorado 80303 USA;National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder Colorado 80307 USA;Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado 80523 USA;Neptune and Company Lakewood Colorado 80215 USA;

关键词: carbon cycling;    continental scale;    long‐term data collection;    network science;    nutrient cycling;    Special Feature: NEON Design;   

DOI  :  10.1002/ecs2.1234

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Human impacts on biogeochemical cycles are evident around the world, from changes to forest structure and function due to atmospheric deposition, to eutrophication of surface waters from agricultural effluent, and increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. The National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) will contribute to understanding human effects on biogeochemical cycles from local to continental scales. The broad NEON biogeochemistry measurement design focuses on measuring atmospheric deposition of reactive mineral compounds and CO2 fluxes, ecosystem carbon (C) and nutrient stocks, and surface water chemistry across 20 eco‐climatic domains within the United States for 30 yr. Herein, we present the rationale and plan for the ground‐based measurements of C and nutrients in soils and plants based on overarching or “high‐level” requirements agreed upon by the National Science Foundation and NEON. The resulting design incorporates early recommendations by expert review teams, as well as recent input from the larger natural sciences community that went into the formation and interpretation of the requirements, respectively. NEON's efforts will focus on a suite of data streams that will enable end‐users to study and predict changes to biogeochemical cycling and transfers within and across air, land, and water systems at regional to continental scales. At each NEON site, there will be an initial, one‐time effort to survey soil properties to 1 m (including soil texture, bulk density, pH, baseline chemistry) and vegetation community structure and diversity. A sampling program will follow, focused on capturing long‐term trends in soil C, nitrogen (N), and sulfur stocks, isotopic composition (of C and N), soil N transformation rates, phosphorus pools, and plant tissue chemistry and isotopic composition (of C and N). To this end, NEON will conduct extensive measurements of soils and plants within stratified random plots distributed across each site. The resulting data will be a new resource for members of the scientific community interested in addressing questions about long‐term changes in continental‐scale biogeochemical cycles, and is predicted to inspire further process‐based research.

【 授权许可】

Unknown