Tunisian Milk Thistle: An Investigation of the Chemical Composition and the Characterization of Its Cold-Pressed Seed Oils

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Gérard Lizard¹  Leila Rezig²  Mondher Mejri³  Wiem Meddeb³  Manef Abderrabba³ 

[1] Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism’ EA 7270, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France;Food Conservation and Valorization Laboratory, High Institute of Food Industries, 58 Avenue Alain Savary, El Khadra City, 1003 Tunis , Tunisia;Laboratory of Materials, Molecules and Applications (LMMA), Preparatory Institute of Scientific and Technical Studies (IPEST), University of Carthage, La Marsa, 2070 Tunis, Tunisia;

关键词: milk thistle seed oil;    fatty acids;    phenolic acids;    tocopherols;    differential scanning calorimetry;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms18122582

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

In this study, milk thistle seeds growing in different areas in Tunisia were cold pressed and the extracted oils were examined for their chemical and antioxidant properties. The major fatty acids were linoleic acid (C18:2) (57.0%, 60.0%, and 60.3% for the milk thistle seed oils native to Bizerte, Zaghouan and Sousse, respectively) and oleic acid (C18:1) (15.5%, 21.5%, and 22.4% for the milk thistle seed oils originating from Bizerte, Zaghouan and Sousse, respectively). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed the richness of the milk thistle seed oils (MTSO) in α-tocopherol. The highest content was recorded for that of the region of Zaghouan (286.22 mg/kg). The total phenolic contents (TPC) of Zaghouan, Bizerte, and Sousse were 1.59, 8.12, and 4.73 Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE) mg/g, respectively. Three phenolic acids were also identified (vanillic, p-coumaric, and silybine), with a predominance of the vanillic acid. The highest value was recorded for the Zaghouan milk thistle seed oil (83 mg/100 g). Differences in outcomes between regions may be due to climatic differences in areas. Zaghouan’s cold-pressed milk thistle seed oil had a better quality than those of Bizerte and Sousse, and can be considered as a valuable source for new multi-purpose products or by-products for industrial, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical utilization.

【 授权许可】

Unknown