Dark Matters on the Scale of Galaxies

Universe

Luisa Ostorero¹  Arianna Gallo¹  Antonaldo Diaferio¹  Valentina Cesare¹  SankhaS. Chakrabarty¹  Ivande Martino¹ 

[1] Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, I-10125 Torino, Italy;

关键词: axions;    cosmology;    dark matter;    dark-matter theory;    dwarf galaxies;    gravity;   

DOI  :  10.3390/universe6080107

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The cold dark-matter model successfully explains both the emergence and evolution of cosmic structures on large scales and, when we include a cosmological constant, the properties of the homogeneous and isotropic Universe. However, the cold dark-matter model faces persistent challenges on the scales of galaxies. Indeed, N-body simulations predict some galaxy properties that are at odds with the observations. These discrepancies are primarily related to the dark-matter distribution in the innermost regions of the halos of galaxies and to the dynamical properties of dwarf galaxies. They may have three different origins: (1) the baryonic physics affecting galaxy formation is still poorly understood and it is thus not properly included in the model; (2) the actual properties of dark matter differs from those of the conventional cold dark matter; (3) the theory of gravity departs from General Relativity. Solving these discrepancies is a rapidly evolving research field. We illustrate some of the solutions proposed within the cold dark-matter model, and solutions when including warm dark matter, self-interacting dark matter, axion-like particles, or fuzzy dark matter. We also illustrate some modifications of the theory of gravity: Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND), MOdified Gravity (MOG), and $f\left(R\right)$ gravity.

【 授权许可】

Unknown