Prostate Cancer in 2021: Novelties in Prognostic and Therapeutic Biomarker Evaluation

Cancers

Matteo Santoni¹  Antonio Lopez-Beltran²  Rodolfo Montironi³  Francesco Massari⁴  Marina Scarpelli⁵  Liang Cheng⁶  Alessia Cimadamore⁶  Roberta Mazzucchelli⁶ 

[1] Via Albertoni n. 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy;Department of Morphological Sciences, Cordoba University Medical School, 14071 Cordoba, Spain;Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna;Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, Via Santa Lucia 2, 62100 Macerata, Italy;Section of Pathological Anatomy, United Hospitals, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, Via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy;

关键词: prostate cancer;    Gleason grading system;    grade groups;    aggressive variant prostate cancer;    DNA damage repair pathway;    DNA mismatch repair;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cancers13143471

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The 2021 novelties in prognostic and therapeutic tissue markers in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) can be subdivided into two major groups. The first group is related to prognostic markers based on morphological and immunohistochemical evaluations. The novelties in this group can then be subdivided into two subgroups, one involving morphologic evaluation only, i.e., PCa grading, and the other involving both morphologic and immunohistochemical evaluations, i.e., aggressive variant PCa (AVPCa). Grading concerns androgen-dependent PCa, while AVPCa represents a late phase in its natural history, when it becomes androgen-independent. The novelties of the other major group are related to molecular markers predicting significant disease or response to therapy. This group mainly includes novelties in the molecular evaluation of PCa in tissue material and liquid biopsies.

【 授权许可】

Unknown