Randomized Clinical Trial of How Long-Term Glutathione Supplementation Offers Protection from Oxidative Damage and Improves HbA1c in Elderly Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Antioxidants

Pranay Goel¹  Arjun Kolappurath Madathil¹  Vijay Gajjar²  Saurabh Kalamkar³  Jhankar Acharya³  Saroj Ghaskadbi³  Sucheta Karandikar-Iyer⁴  Uma Divate⁵ 

[1] Biology Division, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411008, India;Department of Medicine, Jehangir Hospital, Pune 411001, India;Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India;Iyer Clinic, Pune 411030, India;Jehangir Clinical Development Centre, Pune 411001, India;

关键词: GSH supplementation;    type 2 diabetes;    HbA1c;    oxidative stress;    8-OHdG;    elderly diabetic population;   

DOI  :  10.3390/antiox11051026

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Complications in type 2 diabetes (T2D) arise from hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress. Here, we examined the effectiveness of supplementation with the endogenous antioxidant glutathione (GSH) during anti-diabetic treatment. A total of 104 non-diabetic and 250 diabetic individuals on anti-diabetic therapy, of either sex and aged between 30 and 78 years, were recruited. A total of 125 diabetic patients were additionally given 500 mg oral GSH supplementation daily for a period of six months. Fasting and PP glucose, insulin, HbA1c, GSH, oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine (8-OHdG) were measured upon recruitment and after three and six months of supplementation. Statistical significance and effect size were assessed longitudinally across all arms. Blood GSH increased (Cohen’s d = 1.01) and 8-OHdG decreased (Cohen’s d = −1.07) significantly within three months (p < 0.001) in diabetic individuals. A post hoc sub-group analysis showed that HbA1c (Cohen’s d = −0.41; p < 0.05) and fasting insulin levels (Cohen’s d = 0.56; p < 0.05) changed significantly in diabetic individuals above 55 years. GSH supplementation caused a significant increase in blood GSH and helped maintain the baseline HbA1c overall. These results suggest GSH supplementation is of considerable benefit to patients above 55 years, not only supporting decreased glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and 8-OHdG but also increasing fasting insulin. The clinical implication of our study is that the oral administration of GSH potentially complements anti-diabetic therapy in achieving better glycemic targets, especially in the elderly population.

【 授权许可】

Unknown