Competing Risks of Cancer and Non-Cancer Mortality When Accompanied by Lifestyle-Related Factors—A Prospective Cohort Study in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

Frontiers in Oncology

Stanislaw Gozdz¹  Jolanta Smok-Kalwat¹  Pawel Macek²  Marta Manczuk³  Malgorzata Terek-Derszniak⁴  Malgorzata Biskup⁴  Edyta Naszydlowska⁵  Marek Zak⁵  Halina Krol⁶ 

[1] Clinical Oncology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland;Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland;Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Prevention, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute- Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland;Department of Rehabilitation, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland;Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland;Research and Education Department, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland;

关键词: cancer;    lifestyle;    risk factors;    competing risk;    cause of death;    cohort studies;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fonc.2020.545078

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe study aimed to identify the association between the lifestyle-related factors and the cancer-specific, or non-cancer-specific mortality, when accompanied by a competing risk. Two statistical methods were applied, i.e., cause-specific hazard (CSH), and sub-distribution hazard ratio (SHR). Their respective key advantages, relative to the actual study design, were addressed, as was overall application potential.MethodsSource data from 4,584 residents (34.2% men), aged 45–64 years, were processed using two different families of regression models, i.e., CSH and SHR; principal focus upon the impact of lifestyle-related factors on the competing risk of cancer and non-cancer mortality. The results were presented as hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).ResultsAge, smoking status, and family history of cancer were found the leading risk factors for cancer death; the risk of non-cancer death higher in the elderly, and smoking individuals. Non-cancer mortality was strongly associated with obesity and hypertension. Moderate to vigorous physical activity decreased the risk of death caused by cancer and non-cancer causes.ConclusionsSpecific, lifestyle-related factors, instrumental in increasing overall, and cancer-specific mortality, are modifiable through health-promoting, individually pursued physical activities. Regular monitoring of such health-awareness boosting pursuits seems viable in terms of public health policy making.

【 授权许可】

Unknown