Ten Years of Monitoring Illustrates a Cascade of Effects of White Pine Blister Rust and Focuses Whitebark Pine Restoration in the Canadian Rocky and Columbia Mountains

Forests

Natalie Stafl¹  Brenda Shepherd²  Jane Park³  Jed Cochrane⁴  Brad Jones⁵  Cyndi M. Smith⁶  Robert Sissons⁷ 

[1] A/Ecologist Team Lead, Parks Canada Agency, Mount Revelstoke and Glacier National Park, Revelstoke, BC V0E 2S0, Canada;Conservation Biologist, Parks Canada Agency, Jasper National Park, Jasper, AB T0E 1E0, Canada;Fire and Vegetation Specialist, Parks Canada Agency, Banff Field Unit, Banff, AB T1L1K2, Canada;Fire and Vegetation Specialist, Parks Canada Agency, Kootenay, Yoho and Lake Louise Field Unit, Radium, BC V0A 1M0, Canada;Resource Manager, Alberta Environment and Parks, Calgary, AB T3L 1S4, Canada;Scientist Emeritus, Parks Canada Agency, Waterton Lakes National Park, Waterton Park, AB T0K 2M0, Canada;Vegetation and Restoration Specialist, Parks Canada Agency, Waterton Lakes National Park, Waterton Park, AB T0K 2M0, Canada;

关键词: Pinus albicaulis;    Cronartium ribicola;    whitebark pine;    white pine blister rust;    exotic pathogen;    restoration;    Canadian Rocky Mountains;    British Columbia;    Alberta;    endangered species;   

DOI  :  10.3390/f9030138

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Whitebark pine forests are declining due to infection by white pine blister rust and mountain pine beetle, combined with the effects of climate change and fire suppression. The Canadian Rocky and Columbia Mountains represent a large portion of the whitebark range; a vast area, exemplifying the need for knowledge about whitebark pine stands to target restoration. The aim of our work was to identify variables predicting live tree infection, seedling infection, canopy kill, mortality, and regeneration across this region, and present the results in spatially-explicit formats to assist land managers with restoration. Live tree and seedling infection by white pine blister rust increased over the last decade and cascading effects of the disease are intensifying, including canopy kill and mortality. We show that large diameter trees are more likely to be infected, and the highest infection rates are in southern and western areas. The conditions for seedling infection are more strongly influenced by fine-scale climatic conditions than for trees. Areas with low regeneration are: (1) the dry east slopes where live tree infection is low; and (2) where live tree infection rates are high, suggesting that canopy kill and mortality are influencing regeneration. Results highlight where to target restoration and coordinate across boundaries.

【 授权许可】

Unknown