Unveiling the World of Circulating and Exosomal microRNAs in Renal Cell Carcinoma

Cancers

Rui Henrique¹  Carmen Jerónimo¹  Vera Constâncio¹  José Pedro Sequeira¹  João Lobo¹ 

[1] Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (GEBC CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeid, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;

关键词: renal cell carcinoma;    biomarkers;    liquid biopsies;    microRNA;    extracellular vesicles;    exosomes;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cancers13215252

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Renal cell carcinoma is the third most common urological cancer. Despite recent advances, late diagnosis and poor prognosis of advanced-stage disease remain a major problem, entailing the need for novel early diagnosis tools. Liquid biopsies represent a promising minimally invasive clinical tool, providing real-time feedback of tumor behavior and biological potential, addressing its clonal evolution and representing its heterogeneity. In particular, the study of circulating microRNAs and exosomal microRNAs in liquid biopsies experienced an exponential increase in recent years, considering the potential clinical utility and available technology that facilitates implementation. Herein, we provide a systematic review on the applicability of these biomarkers in the context of renal cell carcinoma. Issues such as additional benefit from extracting microRNAs transported in extracellular vesicles, use for subtyping and representation of different histological types, correlation with tumor burden, and prediction of patient outcome are also addressed. Despite the need for more conclusive research, available data indicate that exosomal microRNAs represent a robust minimally invasive biomarker for renal cell carcinoma. Thus, innovative research on microRNAs and novel detection techniques are likely to provide clinically relevant biomarkers, overcome current clinical challenges, and improve patient management.

【 授权许可】

Unknown