Primary small cell carcinoma of the ureter with associated hyponatremia and rapid progression to bladder involvement: a case report

African Journal of Urology

Neil Kernohan¹  Muhammad Zeeshan Aslam²  Magdelena Szewczyk-Bieda²  Yu-Hsiang Chuang³  Ghulam Mustafa Nandwani³ 

[1] Department of Pathology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School;Department of Radiology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School;Department of Urology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School;

关键词: Small cell carcinoma;    Ureter;    Bladder;    Hyponatremia;    SIADH;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12301-022-00291-w

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Background Primary small cell carcinoma (SmCCa) of the ureter is rare. The majority of patients present with visible haematuria. Diagnosis is confirmed by histopathology. Associated hyponatraemia in GU lesion can be due SmCCa can be useful for early diagnosis aggressive ureteric tumors. The current management includes radical surgery or radiotherapy with concomitant chemotherapy to improve survival and quality of life. Case presentation We present a case of a 77 years female who was found to have unilateral hydronephrosis with a 5 cm filling defect in the distal ureter on CT urogram. Further staging showed organ-confined disease. Serum sodium levels were low at presentation. At the time of planned nephroureterectomy (NU), cystoscopy revealed a bladder tumor obstructing the right ureteric orifice. TURBT was performed instead. After TURBT, there was marked hyponatremia and histology was small cell carcinoma (SmCCa). Paraneoplastic SIADH was the likely cause. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by radiotherapy (RT) was chosen for definitive treatment. This resulted in an excellent response supported by radiological evidence of almost complete resolution of the tumor. Conclusion The presence of genitourinary lesion and hyponatremia should raise suspicion of paraneoplastic SIADH. The case suggests the emphasis of histological diagnosis of the genitourinary lesion with existing hyponatraemia to provide better outcome with NACT followed by definitive treatment. We share our experience of NACT and RT in the management of ureteric SmCCa extension to the bladder.

【 授权许可】

Unknown