Dietary Habits and Relationship with the Presence of Main and Trace Elements, Bisphenol A, Tetrabromobisphenol A, and the Lipid, Microbiological and Immunological Profiles of Breast Milk

Nutrients

María Ángeles Martínez¹  Leónides Fernández²  Susana Ares³  Rebeca Arroyo⁴  Marina Aparicio⁴  Irma Castro⁴  Juan Miguel Rodríguez⁴  Joaquim Rovira⁵  Marta Schuhmacher⁵  Susana Casal⁶  Sara Cristina Cunha⁶  Jose Oliveira Fernandes⁶  Martí Nadal⁷ 

[1] Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;Department of Galenic Pharmacy and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;Department of Neonatology, Universitary Hospital La Paz, P° de la Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain;Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d’Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain;LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain;

关键词: human milk;    milk microbiota;    immunology;    bisphenol A;    chemical elements;    breastfeeding;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu13124346

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Breastfeeding is the best way to feed an infant, although it can also be a source of abiotic contaminants such as heavy metals or bisphenol A (BPA). The early life exposure to these compounds can lead to serious toxic effects in both the short and long-term. These substances can reach breast milk through the mother’s habits, diet being one of the main routes of exposure. The aim of the present work was to analyse possible associations between the dietary habits of women and the content of major trace elements, BPA, fatty acids and lipids, and the microbiological and immunological profiles of human milk. Possible associations between major trace elements and BPA and the lipid, microbiological and immunological profiles were also analysed. The results of this study support that the microbiological composition of human milk is associated with the dietary habits of the women, and that the consumption of canned drinks is related to the presence of BPA in human milk. Furthermore, some relationships were found between the amount of major trace elements and the microbiological and immunological profile of the milk samples. Finally, the presence of BPA was associated with changes in the immunological profile of human milk.

【 授权许可】

Unknown