Structure of Human ATG9A, the Only Transmembrane Protein of the Core Autophagy Machinery

Cell Reports

Jiansen Jiang¹  Xiao-Feng Tan²  Tengfei Lian²  Anirban Banerjee²  Juan S. Bonifacino³  Carlos M. Guardia³  Wenchang Zhou⁴  José D. Faraldo-Gómez⁴  Mitra S. Rana⁵  Eric T. Christenson⁵  Augustus J. Lowry⁵ 

[1] Corresponding author;Laboratory of Membrane Proteins and Structural Biology, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;Section on Intracellular Protein Trafficking, Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;Unit on Structural and Chemical Biology of Membrane Proteins, Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;

关键词: ATG9A;    autophagosome;    autophagy;    cryo-EM;    molecular dynamics;    transmembrane protein;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Summary: Autophagy is a catabolic process involving capture of cytoplasmic materials into double-membraned autophagosomes that subsequently fuse with lysosomes for degradation of the materials by lysosomal hydrolases. One of the least understood components of the autophagy machinery is the transmembrane protein ATG9. Here, we report a cryoelectron microscopy structure of the human ATG9A isoform at 2.9-Å resolution. The structure reveals a fold with a homotrimeric domain-swapped architecture, multiple membrane spans, and a network of branched cavities, consistent with ATG9A being a membrane transporter. Mutational analyses support a role for the cavities in the function of ATG9A. In addition, structure-guided molecular simulations predict that ATG9A causes membrane bending, explaining the localization of this protein to small vesicles and highly curved edges of growing autophagosomes.

【 授权许可】

Unknown